天鹅套索

【透视社·民生沸点】微短剧付费到底有多“坑”？_我的网站

一 |     近年来，微短剧在网络上掀起了一股热潮，成为人们新兴的娱乐方式。    The UN General Assembly in New York is meeting Tuesday to discuss ways to make the Security Council more representative and equitable.,The meeting, convened by General Assembly President Abdulla Shahid in a letter dated July 7, is tasked with deliberating the “question of equitable representation and an increase in the membership of the Security Council and other matters related to the Security Council.” Sahid is expected to present a draft oral decision “following consultations” with General Assembly members.,A draft presented on the UN’s website reaffirms “the central role of the General Assembly concerning the question of equitable representation on and increase in the membership of the Security Council,” and expresses “the commitment of heads of state and government representing the peoples of the world to instill new life in the discussions on the reform of the Security Council.”,The draft proposes the continuation of “intergovernmental negotiations on Security Council reform” at the upcoming 77th General Assembly in September, including the creation of an “open-ended working group” to discuss the matter.,Background,Created as part of the United Nations after the end of the Second World War, the Security Council consists of the world’s five major nuclear powers (Russia, China, the United States, France, and Britain) and 10 rotating non-permanent members. Collectively, their main goal is the maintenance of international peace and security.,A key difference between the UN and its Security Council and the League of Nations – the defunct intergovernmental organization formed in the aftermath of the First World War, is the inclusion in the former of the right for each permanent member to veto substantive resolutions made by other members, such as accepting new members into the UN, or authorizing the use of force against another country.,The veto concept was a hard-fought victory of the Soviet delegation at the San Francisco conference on the UN’s formation. Moscow argued for the right of veto to prevent one or more major powers from ganging up on others to pursue national geopolitical, economic, or military interests at the expense of others using the UN platform to provide such actions with legitimacy.,The veto principle enabled the Security Council and the UN generally to the survive multiple international crises, both during the Cold War and in the three decades after 1991, and ensured that the UN did not collapse, as its League of Nations predecessor did, in times of crisis.,Putin on 75th Anniversary of WWII: Shared Responsibility to History and Future18 June 2020, 19:47 GMT,Why Reform Now?,The Security Council underwent two major reforms: in 1965, when the original non-permanent membership was increased from six to ten to account for the emergence of new countries in the Global South after the collapse of European colonial empires, and in 1971, when the US dropped its veto to allow the People’s Republic of China to take up its rightful seat at the Security Council, replacing Taiwan.,Discussions on reforming the Security Council began anew in the early 1990s, as the United States and its allies, convinced of their triumph and status as leaders of a new global order following the collapse of the USSR, began discussing the "end of history" and conceptualizing ways to make the 21st century an “American century.” On the other side of the debate, rising powers from the Third World began pushing to reform the UN to make it more representative of their interests.,In 2005, rising economic giants India and Brazil, as well as Germany and Japan, the defeated Axis powers, formed the so-called G4 group of nations to support one another’s push for permanent Security Council membership. In 2005, then-UN Secretary General Kofi Annan put forward a proposal to expand the council to 24 members, either by creating six new permanent members and three new non-permanent ones, or eight new non-permanent members of a new class of rotating members and one additional non-permanent seat. In 2017, the G4 announced their readiness to temporarily accept non-veto wielding status to become permanent Security Council members.,Opponents of reforming the Security Council have made arguments on the basis of perceived balance of power-related concerns, such as Pakistan opposing India’s permanent membership, or Spain and Italy opposing German membership, South Korea opposing Japanese membership, and major Latin American powers like Argentina, Mexico, and Colombia opposing Brazil’s membership. Other rising powers, such as Turkey, have argued in favor of the Security Council’s expansion to better represent Asian, Latin American, and African countries.,Moscow has paid a heavy price for its permanent membership in the Security Council, first through its central role in defeating Nazi Germany and Japan during the Second World War, and then in 1991, by taking upon itself the entirety of the USSR’s $66 billion perestroika-era debt after the country’s collapse. But Russia has also expressed support for reforming the body to better represent developing nations, particularly India and Brazil, as well as a candidate from Africa. At BRICS summits in 2021 and 2022, Russia and China reiterated their continued support for improving the BRICS’ status at the UN, including via a comprehensive reform of the Security Council.,Iran Asks to Join BRICS27 June, 17:19 GMT,In recent months, these calls have grown louder, with Russian Foreign Minister Sergei Lavrov indicating in April that countries from the Global South would be an excellent way to curb the “unilateralism” of the West at the UN.,Last week, Russian Ambassador to China Andrei Denisov reaffirmed Russia’s readiness to discuss the expansion of the Security Council to provide membership to India and Brazil, but not US allies Germany and Japan.,“Russia is calling for the expansion of the UN Security Council based on a broad consensus. It requires increasing the proportionate share of African, Asian and Latin American countries for the UN Security Council to be able to reflect the aspirations of people around the world and be a more democratic body,” Denisov said, speaking at the World Peace Forum in Beijing on July 4.,“At the same time, I would like to be frank – we aren’t ready to support the accession of actors such as Germany and Japan. We don’t see any added value from their potential accession. Given the current balance on the Council – or imbalance, I should say, the membership of the two aforementioned candidates is unlikely to strengthen it, rather it will make the imbalance even more striking,” the diplomat stressed.,An Idea Whose Time Has Come?,“It appears that all nations are aware that the UNSC must become more inclusive and representative of the reality of today’s world,” says Paolo Raffone, director of the CIPI Foundation, a Brussels-based think tank.,According to the observer, apart from the 1971 modification of the Council to reflect China taking over Taiwan’s seat, the UNSC of today still largely “reflects the world of 1945.”,“For many years the UNSC has been blocked by cross-veto proceedings, affecting stability and peace in the world. Unblocking the UNSC is the most urgent need for all nations wishing for the effectiveness of a rule-based international systems,” Raffone argues.,Raffone favors adding BRICS countries into the mix, pointing to their collective status representing “the largest share of world population, land and [purchasing power parity],” as well as “spectacular” economic growth over the past two decades. “Their inclusion in the UNSC would certainly strive to keep globalization alive under new rules and governance,” and reduce problems such as lack of democracy, poor geographical representation, and “lack of legitimacy for ensuring global governance” of the current body, he believes.,The observer emphasizes, however, that for any reform initiative to succeed, two-thirds of the UN’s member states would have vote for and ratify it, with every permanent member of the Security Council also needing to agree – no easy task to pull off.,EXCLUSIVE: New Delhi Does Not Support Attempts to Isolate Russia, Says Russian Ambassador to India5 July, 10:29 GMT,New Multipolar World Order,“The enlargement of the UN Security Council would formally certify, on the international level, the transition from US unipolarism to the new multipolar architecture. It would be an epochal event!” says Tiberio Graziani, chairman of Vision & Global Trends: International Institute for Global Analyses, an Italy-based international affairs think tank.,Graziani is convinced that the benefits from the body’s expansion would be multifold, including rebalancing power in international organizations “hitherto essentially ‘Westernist’” and “hegemonized” by the West. “Above all,” he says, “enlargement would be essential to ensure greater stability” in the “turbulent geopolitical and geo-economic transition” that the present moment represents.,The observer stresses that any reforms would need to be gradual to prevent an institutional crisis, but admits that “some reforms must be radical,” given the organization’s dominance by Western powers.,Like Raffone, Graziani supports the increased visibility of BRICS nations in the body, citing their outsized significance to global security and the economy and underrepresentation in this sense.,“At the moment we are in a particular situation: on the one hand there is the West led by the United States and the British which constitutes a conservative pole that aims to maintain a hegemonic role on a planetary level, on the other hand there is a set of nations (basically the BRICS countries) which demand a greater presence in global decisions. Within the framework of the UN, the contribution of the BRICS countries would be fundamental since it would guarantee a balance that has not been there so far,” Graziani believes.,The observer stresses that there simply is no alternative to the UN’s authority in international affairs, and that subsequently, “a new, more balanced (multipolar) international forum needs to be set up” in the present situation.。然而，随之而来的付费模式也引发了广泛的争议，微短剧付费到底有多“坑”？　　根据媒体调查，不少消费者都表示遭遇了诸如被自动续费、缴费后难以取消订阅、充值后才发现观看内容缩水甚至根本没有宣传中的内容、写着免费实则看几集后收费、申请退款却找不到入口等等。

二 | 付费微短剧俨然正被一些心怀叵测的运营者变成与消费者斗智斗勇的游戏。图源：卡乐图片 摄影/贾琼　　剧集收费不定 观剧消费没谱　　据了解，微短剧收费模式主要可以归纳为以下几种：一是订阅制收费模式，用户可以选择按月、季度、年支付一定费用，以获取观看权限。二是按次收费模式，用户可以按照观看剧集的集数进行付费，例如“0.9元解锁一集”或“9.9元解锁整部剧”的收费方式。三是广告收入模式，微短剧运营者以在剧中插播广告来获取收入，看了广告的消费者不需要缴费观剧。

三 | 四是付费下载，部分平台提供付费下载服务，用户支付一定费用下载自己喜欢的内容以便离线观看。目前采用较多的收费模式是前三种，且往往是一个应用同时存在这几种收费模式供消费者选择。

四 | 　　但无论哪种收费模式都不算便宜，而且付费观看还有可能被“算计”。媒体记者体验多款短剧平台发现，大多需支付200—300元每年。

五 | 追不同的剧需多平台会员，有的消费者为此每年花费或达数千元。　　有些消费者认为按剧集缴费、只为自己喜欢的剧集买单比较划算。但事实上，这种模式“水最深”，观众都需先用现金充值，然后购买应用里的虚拟货币并按照标价兑换剧集。　　媒体记者在某短剧小程序上观看了一部80集的热播短剧，在免费观看了9集后屏幕弹出付费链接页面。

六 | 连接页面顶端标明“本集需付费150金豆”，下方则显示各种缴费兑换标准。照150金豆可以观看一集计算（每集观看所需金豆有时是不一样的），根据提示花39元购买的3900个金豆只能看26集。

七 | 想要看完这部短剧消费者需要花费117元。　　同时，在不少微短剧应用中都没有找到充值说明、使用规则或用户须知。无论什么应用平台，收费方式都大同小异，但是没有发现任何付费协议、说明。

八 | 付款页面也不许截屏，只要试图截屏就会弹出“当前页面涉及隐私内容，不允许截屏”的字样，这样一来消费者难以留下充值证据维权。

九 | 付款页面无法截屏（资料图片）　　涉嫌强制续费 消费体验欠佳　　北京的陈女士表示，短剧的剧情包括很多家庭矛盾，还有很多反转，很吸引老年人。

十 | 自己的母亲一个月下来要花费几百元观看这些短剧。

十一 | 由于老年人使用手机不熟练，有时在收到“解锁一集只需0.9元”等广告宣传的诱导后，很难注意到“默认下一集自动解锁”等选项，导致其在不知情的状况下连续观看而被扣费。　　在某免费短剧App上，如果想付费开通会员，页面便会弹出弹窗显示，“如需开通，请先同意《会员服务协议》和《自动续费服务协议》”，如果消费者不同意开通自动续费，就无法购买会员。

十二 | 不同意自动续费就无法开通会员（资料图片）　　尽管该应用《自动续费服务协议》中提到，自动续费功能可以随时取消。

十三 | 但是有消费者吐槽，按照平台客服指示操作，但就是找不到关闭自动续费功能的入口。

十四 | 　　虽然通过微短剧应用难以取消自动续费，不过任何自动续费都需要从支付平台扣款，消费者可以尝试从源头阻断，在支付平台（比如支付宝、微信等）直接关闭某个应用的自动续费功能。　　短剧市场坑多 亟待规范发展　　不少消费者还表示，充值后经常面临剧集变短、无法观看、二次付费等问题，而成为年度会员后也会面临看完一部剧就无新剧可看的境遇。　　媒体记者体验某短剧小程序时，出现“免费观看”的二维码链接，扫码后加微信被引导至另一个微短剧小程序，随后自动出现了一部短剧，仅免费看9集后即弹出收费页面，说好的“免费”根本不存在。　　免费变收费，虽然忽悠了消费者，但毕竟可以选择不付费观看，而有的消费者则是付费后发现上当，却无法退款。有消费者反映，在另一款短剧App上先是花了60元按集购买观看，觉得太贵后充值了99元的月会员，准备免费观看所有微短剧时发现，App里面就没有几部剧，有类似经历的消费者不在少数。　　更令消费者糟心的是，当对微短剧应用的服务不满意时，想退费根本退不了。一位消费者称，他首次充了49.9元，买了几千个币，本以为可以看好多集，结果没看几集钱就不够了，只好又充了199元，看了几集发现是个无底洞，就想将剩下的钱退回，但是怎么都联系不上客服。　　原来部分应用中根本没有联系客服的选择，有的应用将客服的联系方式藏在服务条款中，消费者如果不认真从头读到尾，根本发现不了，想退费也自然无从下手。　　尊重消费者权利 微短剧走红更要“走心”　　此前，江苏省消保委曾呼吁，微短剧目前处于行业的风口，更应该珍惜自身的发展土壤。实践证明微短剧也可以小而精、小而美，经营者应：　　树立正确的价值观，向消费者输出正面积极的视频产品；　　尊重消费者各项权利，摒弃竭泽而渔、急功近利的盈利模式。　　无论是哪个年龄段的消费者，都可以有属于自己的“多巴胺”消费品，老年人也不例外。在尊重老年人消费意愿的基础上，除了经营者自觉履行义务，还需要法律监管，社会监督、子女陪伴等各方努力，为老年人“网上冲浪”营造一个安全舒心的环境。

十五 | 　   （透视社综合中国消费者报、央视新闻报道）　　编辑：刘淞菱　　校对：李旭颖　　审核：龚紫陌。

Current article:http://p1dlx5e.pisezuibanzoukou.cyou/news/20260826_5680.html

Published on:10:13:51